Since its introduction in 2011 the variant call format (VCF) has been widely adopted for processing DNA and RNA variants in practically all population studies-as well as in somatic and germline mutation studies.The VCF format can represent single nucleotide variants, multi-nucleotide variants, insertions and deletions, and simple structural variant

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) type A and type B are commonly used as biopharmaceutics for neurological diseases, uniquely allowing months-long paralysis of target muscles.Their exquisite neuronal specificity is conferred by a multistep process of binding, internalization, cytosolic escape and cleavage of the neuron-specific proteins, SNAP-25 and ve

Adolescence is a period of turmoil, if not dealt with it effectively.The perplexity which adolescents face could compel them to resort to such an act which could be harmful.The academic failure, loss of loved ones during the period of adolescence can affect them seriously.They may turn to the decision of ending their lives by deliberate self-harm (